<ul><li>Description of the image:  Historical Site: Summit Tunnel Visual Picture: The picture shows harsh working conditions that Chinese railroad workers faced. Between 1863-1869 the Central Pacific hired more than 13,000 Chinese laborers to support the constriction. It took the construction crews, composed of 80% to 90% Chinese laborers, to blast through 1,659 feet of rock to complete the Summit Tunnel at Donner Pass in the Sierra Nevada Mountains.  Citation: Hart, Alfred A. “Laborers And Rocks, near opening of Summit Tunnel”. 1867. Retrieved from the Library of Congress: <a href='https://www.loc.gov/item/2005682913/' target='_blank' rel='nofollow ugc noopener noreferrer'>https://www.loc.gov/item/2005682913/</a> (Accessed April 27. 2024)</li><li>Highlight the history of Historic Summit Tunnel:  The historical site I provided is called Historic Summit Tunnel, which is located in the Sierra Nevada mountains of California and related with the construction of the First Transcontinental Railroad in the 1860s. The 1,659-foot tunnel was the first railroad line to traverse the Sierra Nevada Range, which was primarily built by Chinese workers and was hand drilled and blasted over 15 months. Some leaders like Leland Stanford in the Central Pacific Railroad decided to hire Chinese immigrants to work for the roadbed construction at the Sierra Nevada mountain due to their cheaper labor. Under the harsh working environment full of rocks and much lower wages than White coworkers, Chinese immigrants insisted on the construction of the railroad. In 1869, with the completion of the first Transcontinental Railroad at Utah in 1869, Chinese immigrants’s resilience and contribution have amazed California until today.   </li><li>Historic Summit Tunnel’s connection with my historical themes: My historical theme is &quot;Chinese Immigrants&apos; Struggles and Contributions in California&quot;. And the Historic Summit Tunnel serves as a vivid symbol of my topic. After the Gold Rush, Chinese immigrants started to explore jobs in various industries, including railway construction. Even though the harsh working conditions, lower wages, and racial discrimination brought great challenges to the Chinese immigrants, Chinese immigrants showed their resilience and contributed to the construction of the First Transcontinental Railroad, which connected California with the whole country, developing economic growth, trade, and travel. Therefore, the Historic Summit Tunnel is like a spiritual legacy left by old Chinese immigrants, highlighting their achievement in California’s infrastructure construction and economic development, which continued to be remembered today.  </li></ul>

Chinese Immigrants' Struggle and Contributions in California

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ArcGIS <link>StoryMaps</link> is the professional version of StoryMaps and is available as part of <link2>ArcGIS Online</link2>. Both products share similar storytelling capabilities, so if you are familiar with StoryMaps, you'll feel right at home with ArcGIS StoryMaps. Visit the <link3>retirement page</link3> for a detailed comparison between StoryMaps and ArcGIS StoryMaps.

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