This project will compare Sahrawi nationalism in Western Sahara to Kabyle nationalism in Kabylia, Algeria. These are movements with very long histories, so I will not be able to cover everything. I am going to touch briefly on their respective pre-colonial periods, but I will start the story with their encounters with their respective European colonizers. This is because I will be arguing that the politics of difference manufactured by colonial powers were a big part of the contemporary formation of both nationalisms. My main argument is that, despite similar calls to linguistic and cultural uniqueness, indigeneity, and anti-colonial efforts, the two nationalist movements differ fundamentally because of their different histories. The Sahrawi nationalist movement can be seen as a push for physical decolonization of an occupied territory, whereas the Kabyle nationalist movement can be better understood as a separatist movement within inscribed colonial borders. I will address this argument first by talking about some of the key differences that each movement calls upon, then by going into brief political histories of each. I will then cover contemporary domestic and international politics and talk about potential futures.&nbsp;

Stateless Nationalisms in North Africa

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Continue storytelling with ArcGIS StoryMaps and keep your content. Request that Esri migrate your account to ArcGIS Online by May 31, 2025, and complete migration by June 30, 2025.

If you requested to migrate your account to ArcGIS Online, complete the migration process before June 30, 2025.

Learn more about the retirement and migration

StoryMaps.com is retiring. Request migration to ArcGIS Online by May 31, 2025.

StoryMaps.com is retiring on June 30, 2025. Complete migration to ArcGIS Online before the retirement date.

To complete the migration of your StoryMaps.com account to ArcGIS Online, review and accept the Esri Master Agreement and Privacy Policy before June 30, 2025. For more information on migrating to ArcGIS Online, visit the <link>StoryMaps.com retirement page</link>.

StoryMaps.com Retirement and Migration to ArcGIS Online

After one year, you will need to purchase an ArcGIS Online subscription to continue using ArcGIS StoryMaps. Check out the StoryMaps <link>retirement page</link> for more information on the ArcGIS Online subscription options.

ArcGIS <link>StoryMaps</link> is the professional version of StoryMaps and is available as part of <link2>ArcGIS Online</link2>. Both products share similar storytelling capabilities, so if you are familiar with StoryMaps, you'll feel right at home with ArcGIS StoryMaps. Visit the <link3>retirement page</link3> for a detailed comparison between StoryMaps and ArcGIS StoryMaps.

If you do not migrate your account to ArcGIS Online, you can save any content you would like to keep before the June 30, 2025, retirement date. The options for saving content include saving stories as a PDF and saving frames using a screen recording. 

Esri is retiring StoryMaps. On June 30, 2025, StoryMaps will go offline, and StoryMaps content will not be available to edit or view. For more information, please visit the <link>StoryMaps retirement page.</link>

Introducing ArcGIS StoryMaps and ArcGIS Online: <link>AGSM Introduction video</link>

You are invited to migrate your account and content to ArcGIS Online where you can continue storytelling with maps. With ArcGIS Online, you’ll get access to ArcGIS StoryMaps and the easy-to-use story builder you are familiar with, plus so much more!

If you migrate your account to ArcGIS Online, you will have access to your existing stories, collections, and themes via ArcGIS StoryMaps, as well as an array of additional ArcGIS capabilities. (Your frames will be migrated and accessible when support for frames is added to ArcGIS StoryMaps.)

For more details about migrating your account and content to ArcGIS Online, please visit the StoryMaps <link>retirement page.</link>

Click next to proceed with the migration or click cancel to close.

Esri will give you one year of access to ArcGIS Online at no extra cost and will migrate your account and content for you.

Please review the following points before you proceed with migrating your account to ArcGIS Online:

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This means that you are deciding to use ArcGIS StoryMaps by converting your StoryMaps account to an ArcGIS Online account. After you accept these terms and conditions, select Migrate to ArcGIS Online, and you will be redirected to ArcGIS StoryMaps.

Review the Esri <link>Master Agreement</link> and <link2>Privacy Policy</link2>

To complete the migration of your StoryMaps account to ArcGIS Online, review and accept the Esri Master Agreement and Privacy Policy by June 30, 2025. 

Reminder of the retirement message, and reminder of the migration considerations. Hit the high points and link to the retirement page.

StoryMaps Retirement and Migration to ArcGIS Online

Both of these options include access to ArcGIS StoryMaps and the other ArcGIS Online apps and capabilities. Please note that there is a price difference between the two options that you will need to pay if you want to keep your account active when your free subscription expires. See the FAQs on the <link>StoryMaps.com retirement page</link> for more information about these subscription options.

Selecting Request migration below means that you are deciding to change your StoryMaps.com account to an ArcGIS Online subscription. During the free subscription, you will have access to your existing stories and collections via ArcGIS StoryMaps, as well as an array of additional capabilities offered by ArcGIS Online.

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